Tag Archives: emission
Hong Kong’s air quality getting worse
Air pollution levels in Hong Kong were the worst ever last year, the South China Morning Post reported on January 10, a finding that may further undermine the city’s role as an Asian financial center as business executives relocate because of health concerns.
Worsening air quality in Hong Kong caused by vehicle emissions and industrial pollution from the neighboring Pearl River Delta is already forcing many in the financial community to move to Singapore.
Readings at three roadside monitoring stations in Hong Kong’s Central, Causeway Bay and Mong Kok commercial districts showed that pollution levels were above the 100 mark more than 20 per cent of the time, the newspaper said, citing the city’s Environmental Protection Department.
This was 10 times worse than in 2005, when very high readings were recorded only two per cent of the time, it said. The station in Central business district, home to the Asia head- quarters of global banks such as HSBC Holdings Plc and Goldman Sachs Group Inc, showed the worst figures, with excessive readings a quarter of the time, the report said. Hourly readings are taken at the roadside stations throughout the year on major pollutants such as respirable suspended particles and nitrogen oxides. A reading above 100 means at least one pollutant fails air quality objectives. 
Environmentalists renewed their calls for the immediate introduction of new air quality objectives, claiming that the government had deliberately delayed their introduction to ease the way for major infrastructure projects, the newspaper said.
The department blamed the figures on unfavorable weather conditions, worsening background, pollution and the number of aging vehicles on streets. The newspaper quoted the government as saying a number of measures were being considered to help improve air quality, and new air quality objectives would be discussed by Hong Kong’s legislature soon.
Straw as Building Material for Future
A modern take on straw-bale construction may well be the grand design of the future if results coming out of the University of Bath are accepted by the construction industry. Think of a straw-bale house and you might imagine a tumbledown shack that leaks, creaks, slumps and smells somewhat of the farmyard. But step into Bale-Haus, a startlingly contemporary looking prototype home that has been built on the Bath Campus and there’s nary a wisp of straw to be seen. Instead, you are in a hallway of an upside down house with two bedrooms and a bathroom on the ground floor and an airy open plan living area upstairs. It feels like a little piece of Scandinavia has just arrived in Somerset, southwest England. The straw bales are all packed tightly inside a series of prefabricated rectangular wooden wall frames, which are then lime rendered, dried and finally slotted together like giant Lego pieces called ModCell panels.
People perceive straw houses as being a bit hippy and not particularly durable. Add to that the problems of getting mortgage – very few lenders will consider straw-bale construction. The benefits of straw, points out Professor Peter Walker, director of the University of Bath’s BRE Centre for Innovative Construction Materials, are that “it’s cheap, widely available and a good insulator. It’s been used in buildings houses for hundreds of years”.
The stack that remains after grain has been harvested – straw also helpfully soaks up carbon from the atmosphere and locks it in, so long as it is not allowed to decompose. For the building industry, which currently depends on materials with very high embedded energy costs - concrete and brick are expensive in carbon terms both to make and to transport – straw could therefore offer a welcome solution to housing’s greenhouse gas emission.
The straw-bale house won’t get sopping wet in a thunderstorm or go up in a whoosh of flames if you knock over a candle. The results now being published by Walker and his research partner, Dr Katharine Beadle, who have spent the past 18 months testing the BaleHaus against an exhaustive list of risk factors that could rot it, burn it or blow it down, so far seem to be reassuring.
Beadle with his team took a ModCell unit to a test laboratory and tried to reduce it to ashes by strapping it to a fiery furnace and raising the temperature to over 1,000 degree Celsius. “It’s standard test to replicate a fire in a building.” explains Walker. “It means you know that a house will at least retain its structural integrity for half an hour, which gives people a chance to get out”. “It took an hour and a half of being in direct contact with the flames”, says Beadle, before the lime render began to drop off, “and then the straw did start to burn back, but because it’s so compacted it suffered more charring then actual disintegration.”
When it come to blowing the house down – hydraulic jacks were placed against the walls to replicate wind forces pushing against the bales – the ModCell panels moved a few millimeters, but stayed within the tolerances allowed for by the computer modeling carried out prior to its construction. That says Walker, could be very good news for the price of the eventual ModCell building system. “It means the house is stiffer than it needs to be.” The approximate cost of the current modular building system for this design is £132,000 from above the concrete slab. “Cost is a challenge to the introduction of this technology but as a prototype house I think it stacks up well,” said Walker. “The aspiration is that it should be cost competitive with more savings coming through reduced heating bills.”
To replicate the heat given off by humans and appliances arrays of incandescent light bulbs on timers blaze in every room at pre-programmed times of day “to see how much heat escapes, and what level of heating would be needed at different times of the year,” explains Beadle.
“That environmental modeling will give us all the numbers about the energy the house is predicted to use. And if we are predicting how it will operate in given climate change, we can then put in those variables.”
Sensors embedded within each wall panel constantly monitor the degree of moisture absorbed and then released back through the breathable lime render into the sir outside by the panels. And on the air tightness test that was carried out, BaleHaus came in way under the building regulations threshold, and did considerably better than the far lowest “best practice” standard.
- The Guardian
Green iphone speaker dock
If you are planning to buy a new iphone speaker dock than this should definitely interest you. You can now buy an iphone speaker dock that is as green as one can get. I think this product will put an end to your search. The new product is called Koostik iPhone Stereo dock.
Nothing gets greener than the Koostik and here is why. It needs no plugging in to amplify your music. So how dies it function? Using the principals of wood acoustics, this one amplifies all your favorite tracks playing out of your iPhone. No wires, no electricity and no grid connections required here.
If you are into heavy metal and high volume music, this one might not just be the right choice for you. If you live those soft vocals and instruments playing though, the Koostik is sure to make you smile.
Optionally made for walnut, cherry and birdseye maple, the Koostik seems to be the best way to play your iPhone music out loud, without electricity.
Study indicates Wi-Fi signals radiation is killing trees
Radiation from Wi-Fi networks which enable our burgeoning online communications may be killing off magnificent trees. Trees planted close to a wireless router has bleeding bark and dying leaves. The revelation will raise fears that Wi-Fi radiation may also be having an effect on the human body and supports parents who have campaigned to stop wireless routers being installed in schools.
The city of Alphen aan den Rijn in the Netherlands ordered the study after officials found unexplained abnormalities on trees. Researches took 20 ash trees and for three months exposed them to six sources of radiation. Trees placed closed to Wi-Fi source developed a ‘lead-like shine’ on their leaves which was caused by the dying of the leaf’s skin.
The Wageningen University scientists behind the research also discovered that Wi-Fi radiation could slow the growth of corn cobs. In the Netherlands, 70 percent of all trees in urban areas show the same symptoms compared with 10 percent five years ago. Trees in densely forested areas are not affected, according to a Wageningen University statement.
The Dutch health agency issued a statement stressing that ‘these are initial results and they have not been confirmed in a repeat survey.’ In 2007, a BBC Panoroma documentary found that radiation levels from Wi-Fi in one school were up to three times the level of mobile phone mast radiation. However the readings were 600 times below government safety limits.
New Zealand wine set to display carbon footprint
Scrutinizing bouquet, viscosity and finish on the palate is no longer enough for the accomplished wine connoisseur but carbon footprint as well. Now they can consider a vintage’s environmental credentials — for one brand at least.
A New Zealand wine has become the first in the world to display the carbon footprint of each individual glass serving on its label — laying bare to the shopper or drinker the full environmental impact of making and transporting it. Each bottle of Mobius Marlborough sauvignon blanc — which takes its name from the highest peak of the range of hills above the town — will display its carbon footprint emissions for a typical 125 ml glass.
On the new label the relevant emissions, which are calculated to reflect the environmental impact of factors such as transportation and refrigeration, will be measured separately for every export market. So, bottles sold in New Zealand, for example, will carry a figure of 140g CO2, whereas bottles shipped to Australia will display 190g.
Significantly, the wine is the world’s first to be certified by the UK’s Carbon Trust which is leading a drive to influence consumer choice by encouraging universal carbon footprint labeling — using its own Carbon Reduction label — across all products.
This certification is a milestone for the New Zealand Wine Company (NZWC), which is based in Marlborough in the country’s South Island and which has been pursuing sustainable management within the New Zealand wine industry.
Craig Fowles, NZWC’s sustainability manager, said, “It’s a very important certification as it is a full-life cycle carbon approach. In a very recent development, the Carbon Trust in the UK announced that sales of products carrying its carbon footprint reduction label will shortly top GBP 2bn per annum.”
Definitely a great move to display carbon footprint on their products.
Solar powered Blood Pressure meter
Blood Pressure meter
There are places on Earth that are so far fetched and distant from any urban civilization, that electricity isn’t all too common as it is to many. These off-grid places do have a hard time catching up with a lot of facilities enjoyed by many today, including medical aid. A few researchers with some really great intentions in their hearts have designed a Blood Pressure meter device, powered by solar energy. This one needs no electrical outlets to plug in and is juiced up solely by the sun. With a device like solar Blood Pressure meter, doctors in areas far away can now keep tabs on cardio-vascular diseases amongst people.
Currently being tested in Uganda and Zambia in Africa, this Blood Pressure meter is not too expensive either — $32. An innovative way to keep health issues in check using green energy, this Blood Pressure meter will for sure make the work of doctors in off-grid areas a lot easier.
Do some green deeds while sleeping
Ecotypic Bed
Sleeping till late hasn’t really been too productive for any of us before but here is Ecotypic Bed. Well, sleeping and lazing around on the Ecotypic Bed could do a lot more!
Designed by Arthur Xin is a marvel of technology. Packing a battery below, this Ecotypic Bed generates electricity from the activities carried out on the bed. Basically, everything you do in bed and around the bed is turned into energy. This electricity generated is then use to power up the LED reading lamps, the speakers that play some soothing music to wake you up, and also LED lights that help the plants on this one grow.
The Ecotypic Bed has hooked on a bunch of straps and pulleys for you to exercise with, that helps generate electricity too.
“This is a green bed.” It has everything you need! A LED reading lights, speakers and a flower box.
There’s a battery below the bed which turns the activities you do on the bed and around the bed into energy.
Do everything all day long on the Ecotypic bed!
Running on wind power
Wind power could meet about a fifth of the world’s electricity demand within 20 years, an industry group and environmental watchdog Green-peace predicted in a new report released on October 5. The global market for wind power grew 41.7 per cent in 2009, beating average annual growth of 28.6 per cent over the past 13 years, said Steve Sawyer, secretary general of the Global Wind Energy Council (GWEC). China ranked second in the world in installed wind generating capacity in 2009 and was the largest buyer of wind technology, Sawyer told reporters at the launch of GWEC and Green-peace’s Global Wind Energy Out- look 2010 report. “We would expect China to continue to be the largest market and perhaps even be the (overall) largest market in the world by the end of this year,” he said.
The report’s “advanced scenario”— its most optimistic outlook — projects the world’s combined installed wind turbines would produce 2,600 terawatt hours (TWh) of electricity by 2020 — equal to 11.5 to 12.3 percent of power demand. By 2030, wind energy would produce 5,400 TWh — 18.8 to 21.8 per cent of the world’s power supply, the report said. The more conservative “reference” scenario based on figures from the UN’s 
International Energy Agency saw wind power triple in the next decade to cover up to 4.8 percent of electricity — equal to Europe’s current total production.
The “moderate” scenario based on current industry figures would see wind power meet up to 9.5 per cent of the world’s power demand by 2020, the report said. “For more than the last 10 years, the actual performance of the wind industry has exceeded our advanced scenario every time,” said Sawyer. Under the advanced forecast, 1.6 billion tones of carbon dioxide emissions would be saved each year, the report said. This would increase to 3.3 billion tones of CO2 saved each year by 2030. The cumulative amounts of CO2 saved would be 10 billion tones by 2020 and 34 billion tones by 2030, the report said.
How Green Is Hydroelectricity?
Hydroelectricity is often presented as a green energy source, but how true is this? Hydro has several environmental and aesthetic drawbacks that make it less than ideal compared to the clean power provided by sources such as wind and sun.
The most visible environmental aspect of Hydroelectricity is its impact on the environment, as it requires the damming of rivers. This causes the flooding of low lying land behind the dam and while this is often not desirable, the reality is that it is just an alteration to the environment. If the dam was to remain filled with water all the time, this would have no environmental effect outside the dam area.
Why is it then that Hydroelectric installations are associated with high levels of methane production? When organic matter from plants and animals breaks down without oxygen present, methane is formed. This anaerobic process is very similar to the ones that resulted in the formation of the fossil fuels we use today.
Consider the following chain of events that unfold once the dam has been constructed.
First the land is submerged and the vegetation with it. The vegetation drowns and begins to rot. Since there is very little available oxygen, the plant material breaks down to form, among other things, methane that is absorbed by the water.
This is all normal so far, as this would occur with any permanent flooding. But a Hydroelectricity dam is usually both a power supply and an urban water source and so the water levels in the dam tend to rise and fall a great deal. In dry times the water level will drop to its lowest levels which will expose land around the edges of the water and possibly at the bottom of the dam itself.
This exposed land is ideal for growing plants and so it blooms with new life. As most dams are shallow, the amount of land exposed at the edges as the water drops can be very large. The shallower the dam, the more land is exposed annually.
After a time the rains return and the dam fills up again. The new vegetation is then also covered with water and so rots anaerobically and so more methane enters the water of the dam.
This continues year after year, resulting in a slow but steady increase in the amount of methane absorbed in the water of the dam. This is a problem because methane is not very soluble in water. When the water passes through the dam’s turbines it escapes the water and enters the atmosphere.
Methane is a dangerous greenhouse gas. It is approximately 21 times more effective at trapping heat in the atmosphere than Carbon Dioxide. This means that electricity from a Hydroelectric plant can be up to three times more polluting per energy unit than the same power from a coal or oil fired plant. This figure depends on the climate and geography the Hydro plant is located in, as these factors determining the amount of vegetation added to the dam each year. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has recognized this issue and now includes methane from Hydroelectricity in national emissions totals. 
Hydroelectricity may be a renewable energy source but it is not an environmentally friendly one. When looking at whether a new Hydro plant is warranted, methane emissions must be taken into account. A cleaner and greener solution is to build solar and wind energy stations as once constructed these have no emissions associated with them at all.
For more information on electricity generation and its issues, visit the Fossil Fuels section of Roger Vanderlely’s website. There you can also find out about getting a good deal on cheap solar panels to become more power independent and do your bit for the environment.
This article is brought to you by George Zalcman. George Zalcman has always had a passion for green technologies, and believes that we should all get on the boat before natural resources become limited. George Zalcman is part of an air to water technology hoping that this will eventually bring an end to the water crisis as well.
Algae can help in trapping CO2
The green slimy algae can play a major role in reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and cleaning industry-polluted air. The Orissa government in India is launching a project to capture carbon dioxide using algae, the first such venture in India, with the rising number of industries in the state. The project will be started this month on a pilot basis at public sector undertaking Nalco’s (National Aluminum Company) thermal power plant at Angul in Orissa. As per the project, algae will be grown in shallow ponds and carbon dioxide produced from the thermal power plant will be tapped and introduced in the pond. Being soluble in water, carbon dioxide will get absorbed in it. Carbon dioxide and water are the basic requirements for algae growth and this in turn will release oxygen as a by-product.
“A few countries in the world — the US, China, Canada and Israel — have used the technology for cap- turing carbon. However, it hasn’t been used for commercial purpose so far, though laboratory tests have shown positive results. We are starting a pilot project and by the end of 2011 results will start coming,” Siddhanta Das, member secretary of the Orissa Pollution Control Board, said. The project is said to be 100 times more efficient 
0in carbon sequestration or capturing compared to plantation. Das added, “If positive results come out, it will be a major breakthrough and the state government may replicate it in other industries across the state. We will ask other industries to start similar projects to bring down the emission levels.”
Canada-based researcher Ranjan Pradhan, who worked on a similar project in Toronto, is guiding the state in the venture. Explaining the efficiency of carbon sequestration using algae, Das said, “The algae will grow fast in the pond and has to be harvested every six months. This will be up 50 times.” An algae has got an inherent value and bio-fuel can be produced from it. The high end user can even produce protein as its protein value is 20 times more than soybean,” he said.